Lumbar osteochondrosis

According to medical statistics, the pain in the back of 80% of cases is caused by lumbar osteochondrosis.This occurs following degenerative distance changes in this segment, when intervertebral discs and adjacent vertebrae are interested.The osteochondrosis of the lumbar column (Spep) occurs from various symptoms: pain of a different nature, limitation of mobility, altered sensitivity of the lower body, etc.With a long absence of treatment, the degenerative processes apply to the vertebra, reducing work capacity, so the patient can become a disabled person.

To avoid dangerous complications of lumbar osteochondrosis (PO), it is necessary to start a complete treatment in 1-2 pathology phases.In advanced cases, when irreversible changes are already present in the disc or vertebrae, surgery is performed.To avoid osteochondrosis of the lower back and the related complications, it is necessary to perform its prevention.

The development of lumbar osteochondosis

To understand what the osteochondosis of pop (lumbar column) is, it is necessary to study the structure of the spinal column.It consists of the vertebrae, among which the cartilage seals are positioned (intervertebral disc).The disc is covered by a hard fibrous membrane (fibrous ring), within which there is a multipotic nucleus.This structure performs a shock absorption function, makes the spine more flexible.

Reference.The lumbar segment of the spine is daily subjected to a huge load, as it resists the weight of the upper body.Therefore, the osteochondrosis of the lower column is more often diagnosed with the cervical chest.

With regular loads on the spine, the discs are compressed, many fluids are lost, their height is reduced and the distance between the vertebrae decreases.The cartilaginous garnish becomes fragile, the microcracks appear on its surface, through which the octopus nucleus protrudes over time.With the further compression of the intervertebral discs, the external membrane and the loss of the gelatinous body occur, the hernia is formed.Then the pathological mobility of the vertebrae occurs, the load on the nearby segments of the spine increases.

Shortly thereafter, the bone growths (osteophytes) begin to form on the edges of the vertebral bodies.Therefore, the body is trying to stabilize the spine.

Doctors distinguish 4 phases of osteochondosis of the lumbar column:

• 1 degree: problems with discs begin, the central part is dehydrated, it is flattened, the cracks appear on the external shell.Has a blocked.
• 2 degrees - Cartilage gaskets, the vertebrae are approaching each other, they become more furniture, muscles and ligaments around the lowering of the spine.Pain appears.
• 3 degrees are formed - Protrusion, hernias, subluxation of the vertebrae.The pain has improved, mobility is limited, the sensitivity of the lower body is compromised.
• The osteochondrosis of the 4th degree is characterized by the appearance of osteophytes that can damage the spinal nerves, the nearby vertebrae.There is constant pain, pronounced neurological disorders and other complications, increases the risk of disability.

It is easier to cure the lumbar amnesty (stage 1), however, it is very difficult to detect the disease at this stage.The 2nd degree intervertebral osteochondosis is treated using conservative methods.In the 3-4 phases, an operation may be necessary.

Reference.According to statistics, the SPP is more often detected in patients after 30 years.There are frequent cases of pathology in people after 20 years.About 80% of 60 -year -old patients suffer from the manifestations of this disease.

Reasons

To understand how to manage the osteochondosis of the PKOP (Lumbosacral column), it is necessary to know his reasons:

• Static or regular dynamic load on the lumbar segment.The risk group for the development of osteocondrosis includes employees, professional athletes (heavy athletics), removals, manufacturers, etc.
• Violation of posture, prolonged living room in the wrong laying.
• Genetic predisposition, anomalies of the formation of vertebral bodies.This category includes youth software - curvature of the spinal column caused by pathologies of the vertebral bodies.
• Spine injuries.
• Hormonal imbalance, metabolic disorders, endocrine diseases that interrupt the metabolism in the lumbar segment.
• The age -related changes in the body cause the wear of the records.
• Bone tuberculosis, osteomyelitis (purulent inflammation of bone tissue), ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation of the vertebrae and joints), rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Often the disease cause several reasons simultaneously.

In addition, there are factors that cause the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Excess body weight.
• Passive lifestyle, prolonged seat.
• Regular use of harmful foods (fats, fried foods, pastry, semi -final products, etc.).
• Lack of liquid, dehydration.
• Congenital disorders of the structure of the spine, for example an additional vertebra.
• Regular tags wearing the heels with inconvenience.
• The recovery period of the fetus, then increases the load on the spinal column.
• A strong abandonment of training of professional athletes or excessive sports in people who have previously been passive.
• Smoke, use of frequent and immoded alcohol.

There are many other factors that can launch degenerative stretching processes in the lumbar column.For example, flat feet, frequent hypothermia, frequent stress, sleep disorders, etc.

Symptoms

The symptoms of the osteocondrosis of the lumbar column are different, depend on the stage of the pathology and the location of the affected area.

Doctors distinguish reflection and compression syndromes (a complex of symptoms) for SPP.The first occurs with irritation of the receptors of the external membrane of the discs, ligaments, joint capsules and the second - when compressing bundles of nerves, blood vessels, spinal cord.

There are such syndromes reflections of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Lumbago.Shoot the pain on the bottom of the back with a movement or acute voltage.At the minimum attempt to move, pain syndrome has improved, so the patient blocks in a pose.The muscles in the damaged area are strongly tense, on palpation, the painful sensations become more pronounced.These manifestations are associated with the movement of the octopus nucleus within the external shell.
• Low back pain.A real pain develops for several hours or days.The discomfort intensifies with the movements, a change in the position of the body.It is weakened when a person takes a horizontal pose with a roller under the lower back.When lifting a straight leg in this position, the pain intensifies (symptom of lassa).The degree of muscle tension is lower than lumbar.The mobility of the lower back is limited.
• Sciatica.Painful sensations (acute or painful) spread from the lower part of the lower body.There is an increase in this function during movements.The pain is weakened when they rest on the back.The muscles on the affected area are tense, pain syndrome is expressed on palpation.

The symptoms in compression syndromes depend on which sections of the lumbar segment are damaged.The characteristic signs are associated with the compression of the cerebrospinal nerves with hernias, osteophytes, vertebrae moved.This condition is called Radicolopathy, in which pain intensifies with the slightest move, the muscles of the lower back are tense and the mobility is limited.

Clinical manifestations of compression syndromes depending on the damaged vertebrae of the lumbar segment:

• L1 - L3 - Pain and numbness on the area of the lower back, the front and internal surface of the thigh, it is difficult for the patient to bend/do not bend the leg in the knee.
• L4 - Pain syndrome spreads in the front of the thigh, it descends to the knee (behind).In the same area, sensitivity is violated.
• L5 - The painful sensations are radiated in the buttocks, the external part of the thigh, fall along the front of the lower part of the leg inside the foot and the thumb.In the same area, it is felt numbness, it is difficult for the patient to bend the thumb.
• S1 - The pain is poured from the lower back to the buttock, from the external and rear surface of the thigh, descends to the outside of the lower part of the leg, the foot.In these areas, it is felt numbness, the muscles of the lower part of the leg are weakened, so the patient is difficult to stand on the socks.

There is a risk of damage to different nerve rays at the same time, for example L5, S1.If the hernia moves back, then it can squeeze the spinal cord.

With the compression of the blood vessels of the lower back, the probability of weakening the muscles of the legs, numbness of the lower ends, increases a violation of control over the process of urination and defecation.In men, an erection is disturbed in men and women the main symptoms can be integrated by the inflammation of the ovaries or the uterus.

Diagnostic measures

To diagnose the SPP, the doctor examines the patient, performs palpation to determine the condition of the muscles and identify the curvature of the spine.It is important to say a specialist in detail about his symptoms so that it is easier for him to make a diagnosis.

Instrumental research will help to detect intervertebral osteochondrosis:

• Rina of the lower back (direct back and lateral projection).
• Calculated and magnetic refusal tomography.

X -Ray allows you to evaluate the structure of pop.To identify the pathological mobility of the vertebrae, the X -ray is carried out in the flexion and extension position.This study allows us to note that the intervertebral gap has restricted, the bodies of the vertebrae have moved, the osteophytes appeared on their edges.However, this diagnostic method is considered obsolete.

Today CT and MRI are increasingly used to detect degenerative distance changes in the vertebral column.These highly informative studies allow to evaluate the conditions of the vertebrae, the discs, the intervertebral holes, the spinal cord.With their help, the protrusion, the direction of the Harnia, the degree of compression of nerve rays, spinal cord, blood vessels.

Treatment

Medicines for lumbar osteochondosis

The treatment of osteochondrosis POP lasts from 1 to 3 months to 1 year.The success of the therapy depends on the patient himself, who should strictly observe the doctor's recommendations.With the car -mediation, the patient's condition usually worsen.

Therapy therapies:

• Stop or weaken the symptoms of the software.
• To identify the cause of the disease, try to exclude it from life.
• Eliminates the inflammatory process.
• Restores blood circulation, metabolic processes in the lumbar region.
• Try to improve the conditions of the damaged cartilage seals, stop further degenerative changes.

To achieve these objectives, it is recommended to perform complex therapy.Usually it starts with taking drugs:

• Musorelassanti.They relax the muscles, weaken pain and inflammation.
• Fanse.They have anti -inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects.
• Antispasmodic.They help to stop the spasm of smooth muscles, weaken pain.
• Anesthetic agents.They are used for severe pain in the form of a therapeutic block.
• Glucocorticosteroids.They also help to cope with pain.However, these funds are able to destroy the bones, so they take them for a short period and only after the doctor's approval.
• Sedatives.Remove the neuromuscular tension, improve sleep.
• Vitamins (group B, E, C, A).Restore the condition of the interested nerves, weaken the pain.

Carefully.Fans are prohibited to take with gastritis or ulcer of the stomach, as they damage the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract even more.

With the exacerbation, the patient is injected with injections and, after stopping the main symptoms, takes oral officers.

In addition, external products are used (gel, ointments, cream, garbage).

The question of what to do with the chronic osteochondosis of the lower back is quite significant.If the SPP has become chronic, after the main symptoms they are the patient, the patient is prescribed chondroprotectors, drugs that restore blood circulation, drugs based on vitamins B. They help to restore innervation, normalize the flow of blood in the affected area and prevent the further development of the pathology.

The treatment of the condor of the lumbar column (stage 1) is carried out using chondroprotectors who slow down the development of degenerative processes, accelerate the regeneration of the cartilage.In addition, vitamin mineral complexes are prescribed.This form of osteochondrosis is easier to cure.

Other conservative methods

With Okz (osteochondrosis) 1 - 2 degrees, the following treatment procedures will help to stop their development:

• Ultrasound therapy weakens pain and inflammation, normalizes blood flow in the damaged area.
• Dutenzor therapy is a safe traction of the spine due to the weight of one's body, after which the muscle tone is normalized, mobility improves.
• Magnetotherapy reduces the pain and inflammation of the muscles around the spine.
• Reflexotherapy (the introduction of needles in bioactive points on the body) accelerates blood circulation, relieves inflammation and swelling.
• Manual therapy (exposure to the area concerned with the hands of a doctor) and massage normalizes muscle tone, reduce the compression of nerve rays, improve the power of intervertebral discs and restore the structure of the spine.
• The electrophoresis allows you to provide medicinal solutions through the skin to the bone and cartilage.
• Dragonvilization improves blood circulation, metabolic processes, reduces pain, restores sensitivity to the skin.

There are still many effective procedures that will help improve the patient's conditions in 5-15 sessions.The main thing is to receive the approval of a doctor before their conduct.

Domestic treatment at home

If you are interested in the fact that it is possible to treat an opposite, consult a doctor.If the specialist has given permission, then the therapy begins, which usually consists of the following points:

• Diet.If lumbar osteochondosis is caused by a violation of blood flow or metabolism, then exclude fatty, fried food, spicy, eggs, etc.From the menu, reconstitute the menu with fresh vegetables, fruit, low -fat meat, fish, acid -knit products.Refuse alcohol, tonic drinks (tea, coffee).Drink filtered water, composed, herbal tea.

• To restore blood circulation, exercise recharging or use of rubbing and compressing.
• Sleep on a orthopedic mattress, a low pillow.If you have a sedentary job, buy a chair with a back that will support the spine.From time to time, we wear corsets or special belts.
• The physical exercise therapy will help to strengthen the muscle corset, remove part of the load from the sick spine.The complex for each patient is individually a doctor or instructor.
• Perform cars -Massaggi of the lumbar region.However, find out how to do it correctly with a professional.
• Use popular remedies in the form of rubbing, compressed, bathrooms, etc.
• Acupuncture is a plastic plate with many peaks that improves blood circulation, metabolic processes in the damaged area, reduces muscle pain, relaxes.

And even at home you can use lotions with herbal decorations, patches.

Reference.The novelty in the treatment of osteocondrosi is a bed of masseur also suitable for the most organized patients.

However, remember that you can only be treated at home after the permit of the attending physician.

Surgical treatment

The operation with lumbar osteochondrosis is prescribed if the conservative methods have been ineffective for a long time.And the surgery is also indicated with involuntary urination, defecation and horse's tail syndrome (pinching of the nerves of the lower spinal cord).

In the treatment of SPP, these surgical methods are used:

• Spondilodeza - Adjacent vertebrae merger.
• Fassetextomy - Removal of intervertebral joints that violate the cerebrospinal nerve.
• Laminectomy - Removal of a plate covering the spinal canal that holds the spinal cord.
• Discocratomy is a complete or partial removal of the intervertebral disc, which causes a nerve compression or spinal cord.
• Corptomy - Removal of the vertebra body and sealing of the adjacent cartilage.So the empty place is filled with a bone transplant and 3 vertebrates are spent.

Reference.After surgery, there is a risk of complications: spinal cord trauma, nervous beams, transplanting, infection, etc.

After treatment, it is necessary to undergo rehabilitation to speed up recovery.

Complications

In the absence of competent therapy, the risk of these complications of the lumbar osteocondrosis increases:

• Ernia disc, pizzicola of the nervous root or spinal cord.
• Long -term inflammatory processes increase the probability of radicalitis (inflammation of the nerve roots).
• ISHIA (inflammatory damage to the sciatic nerve), in which serious pain and numbness of the lower limb occur.
• In case of compromise of the blood circulation of the spinal cord, the probability of compression myelopathy increases (the compression of the spinal cord with various formations: bone fragments, hernia, tumors, hematoma).
• The horse's tail syndrome is the compression of the roots of the lower spinal cord, which leads to a violation of the functionality of the intestine, the pelvic organs and the lower limbs.

To avoid these complications, it is necessary to start treatment as soon as possible.

Prevention

To avoid lumbar osteochondrosis, follow the following rules:

• Driving a moderately active lifestyle (more often walking on foot, exercise regularly, subscribe to the pool).
• When you sit, heated every 1.5 hours.
• Sleep on the orthopedic mattress.
• Avoid excessive physical effort, raise gravity only from the position of the semi -provement, first, put a special belt on the lower back.
• Buy Orthopedic Shoes.
• Eat correctly, take the vitamin mineral complexes as prescribed by a doctor.
• Learn to relax.
• Try to not hypothermia.
• Over time, it treats diseases that can cause an SPP.
• Reject bad habits.

Except for these tips, you can avoid degenerative changes in the spine and improve health.

The most important thing

If you notice the symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis, consult a doctor urgently.Independent treatment can aggravate your conditions and cause complications.The lumbar amnesty (1st stadium) is treated with operating therapy, physiotherapy and chondroprotectors.In the following stages, massage, manual therapy, etc. are used.In the absence of positive dynamics for a long time or the appearance of neurological symptoms, the doctor may prescribe an operation.The patient must strictly follow the doctor's recommendations to accelerate recovery.